NAME
nsenter - run program in different namespacesSYNOPSIS
nsenter [options] [program [arguments]]DESCRIPTION
The nsenter command executes program in the namespace(s) that are specified in the command-line options (described below). If program is not given, then "${SHELL}" is run (default: /bin/sh).Mounting and unmounting filesystems will not
affect the rest of the system, except for filesystems which are explicitly
marked as shared (with mount --make-shared; see
/proc/self/mountinfo for the shared flag). For further details,
see mount_namespaces(7) and the discussion of the CLONE_NEWNS
flag in clone(2).
Setting hostname or domainname will not affect
the rest of the system. For further details, see
uts_namespaces(7).
The process will have an independent namespace
for POSIX message queues as well as System V message queues, semaphore sets
and shared memory segments. For further details, see
ipc_namespaces(7).
The process will have independent IPv4 and
IPv6 stacks, IP routing tables, firewall rules, the /proc/net and
/sys/class/net directory trees, sockets, etc. For further details, see
network_namespaces(7).
Children will have a set of PID to process
mappings separate from the nsenter process. nsenter will fork by
default if changing the PID namespace, so that the new program and its
children share the same PID namespace and are visible to each other. If
--no-fork is used, the new program will be exec’ed without
forking. For further details, see pid_namespaces(7).
The process will have a distinct set of UIDs,
GIDs and capabilities. For further details, see
user_namespaces(7).
The process will have a virtualized view of
/proc/self/cgroup, and new cgroup mounts will be rooted at the
namespace cgroup root. For further details, see
cgroup_namespaces(7).
The process can have a distinct view of
CLOCK_MONOTONIC and/or CLOCK_BOOTTIME which can be changed using
/proc/self/timens_offsets. For further details, see
time_namespaces(7).
OPTIONS
Various of the options below that relate to namespaces take an optional file argument. This should be one of the /proc/[pid]/ns/* files described in namespaces(7), or the pathname of a bind mount that was created on one of those files.Enter all namespaces of the target process by
the default /proc/[pid]/ns/* namespace paths. The default paths to the
target process namespaces may be overwritten by namespace specific options
(e.g., --all --mount=[path]).
The user namespace will be ignored if the same as the caller’s current
user namespace. It prevents a caller that has dropped capabilities from
regaining those capabilities via a call to setns(). See setns(2) for
more details.
Specify a target process to get contexts from.
The paths to the contexts specified by pid are:
/proc/pid/ns/mnt
/proc/pid/ns/uts
/proc/pid/ns/ipc
/proc/pid/ns/net
/proc/pid/ns/pid
/proc/pid/ns/user
/proc/pid/ns/cgroup
/proc/pid/ns/time
/proc/pid/root
/proc/pid/cwd
the mount namespace
the UTS namespace
the IPC namespace
the network namespace
the PID namespace
the user namespace
the cgroup namespace
the time namespace
the root directory
the working directory respectively
Enter the mount namespace. If no file is
specified, enter the mount namespace of the target process. If file is
specified, enter the mount namespace specified by file.
Enter the UTS namespace. If no file is
specified, enter the UTS namespace of the target process. If file is
specified, enter the UTS namespace specified by file.
Enter the IPC namespace. If no file is
specified, enter the IPC namespace of the target process. If file is
specified, enter the IPC namespace specified by file.
Enter the network namespace. If no file is
specified, enter the network namespace of the target process. If file
is specified, enter the network namespace specified by file.
Enter the PID namespace. If no file is
specified, enter the PID namespace of the target process. If file is
specified, enter the PID namespace specified by file.
Enter the user namespace. If no file is
specified, enter the user namespace of the target process. If file is
specified, enter the user namespace specified by file. See also the
--setuid and --setgid options.
Enter the cgroup namespace. If no file is
specified, enter the cgroup namespace of the target process. If file is
specified, enter the cgroup namespace specified by file.
Enter the time namespace. If no file is
specified, enter the time namespace of the target process. If file is
specified, enter the time namespace specified by file.
Set the group ID which will be used in the
entered namespace and drop supplementary groups. nsenter always sets
GID for user namespaces, the default is 0.
Set the user ID which will be used in the
entered namespace. nsenter always sets UID for user namespaces, the
default is 0.
Don’t modify UID and GID when enter
user namespace. The default is to drops supplementary groups and sets GID and
UID to 0.
Set the root directory. If no directory is
specified, set the root directory to the root directory of the target process.
If directory is specified, set the root directory to the specified directory.
The specified directory is open before it switches to the requested
namespaces.
Set the working directory. If no directory is
specified, set the working directory to the working directory of the target
process. If directory is specified, set the working directory to the specified
directory. The specified directory is open before it switches to the
requested namespaces, it means the specified directory works as
"tunnel" to the current namespace. See also --wdns.
Set the working directory. The
directory is open after switch to the requested namespaces and after
chroot(2) call. The options --wd and --wdns are mutually
exclusive.
Do not fork before exec’ing the
specified program. By default, when entering a PID namespace, nsenter
calls fork before calling exec so that any children will also be
in the newly entered PID namespace.
Set the SELinux security context used for
executing a new process according to already running process specified by
--target PID. (The util-linux has to be compiled with SELinux support
otherwise the option is unavailable.)
Display help text and exit.
Print version and exit.
AUTHORS
Eric <[email protected]>Biederman Karel <[email protected]>ZakSEE ALSO
clone(2), setns(2), namespaces(7)REPORTING BUGS
For bug reports, use the issue tracker at <https://github.com/util-linux/util-linux/issues>.AVAILABILITY
The nsenter command is part of the util-linux package which can be downloaded from Linux Kernel Archive <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/>.2022-05-11 | util-linux 2.38.1 |