xdr - library routines for external data representation
Standard C library (
libc,
-lc)
These routines allow C programmers to describe arbitrary data structures in a
machine-independent fashion. Data for remote procedure calls are transmitted
using these routines.
The prototypes below are declared in
<rpc/xdr.h> and make use of
the following types:
typedef int bool_t;
typedef bool_t (*xdrproc_t)(XDR *, void *,...);
For the declaration of the
XDR type, see
<rpc/xdr.h>.
bool_t xdr_array(XDR *xdrs, char **arrp, unsigned int *sizep,
unsigned int maxsize, unsigned int elsize,
xdrproc_t elproc);
- A filter primitive that translates between variable-length
arrays and their corresponding external representations. The argument
arrp is the address of the pointer to the array, while sizep
is the address of the element count of the array; this element count
cannot exceed maxsize. The argument elsize is the
sizeof each of the array's elements, and elproc is an XDR
filter that translates between the array elements' C form, and their
external representation. This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero
otherwise.
bool_t xdr_bool(XDR *xdrs, bool_t *bp);
- A filter primitive that translates between booleans (C
integers) and their external representations. When encoding data, this
filter produces values of either one or zero. This routine returns one if
it succeeds, zero otherwise.
bool_t xdr_bytes(XDR *xdrs, char **sp, unsigned int *sizep,
unsigned int maxsize);
- A filter primitive that translates between counted byte
strings and their external representations. The argument sp is the
address of the string pointer. The length of the string is located at
address sizep; strings cannot be longer than maxsize. This
routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
bool_t xdr_char(XDR *xdrs, char *cp);
- A filter primitive that translates between C characters and
their external representations. This routine returns one if it succeeds,
zero otherwise. Note: encoded characters are not packed, and occupy 4
bytes each. For arrays of characters, it is worthwhile to consider
xdr_bytes(), xdr_opaque(), or xdr_string().
void xdr_destroy(XDR *xdrs);
- A macro that invokes the destroy routine associated with
the XDR stream, xdrs. Destruction usually involves freeing private
data structures associated with the stream. Using xdrs after
invoking xdr_destroy() is undefined.
bool_t xdr_double(XDR *xdrs, double *dp);
- A filter primitive that translates between C double
precision numbers and their external representations. This routine returns
one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
bool_t xdr_enum(XDR *xdrs, enum_t *ep);
- A filter primitive that translates between C enums
(actually integers) and their external representations. This routine
returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
bool_t xdr_float(XDR *xdrs, float *fp);
- A filter primitive that translates between C floats
and their external representations. This routine returns one if it
succeeds, zero otherwise.
void xdr_free(xdrproc_t proc, char *objp);
- Generic freeing routine. The first argument is the XDR
routine for the object being freed. The second argument is a pointer to
the object itself. Note: the pointer passed to this routine is not
freed, but what it points to is freed (recursively).
unsigned int xdr_getpos(XDR *xdrs);
- A macro that invokes the get-position routine associated
with the XDR stream, xdrs. The routine returns an unsigned integer,
which indicates the position of the XDR byte stream. A desirable feature
of XDR streams is that simple arithmetic works with this number, although
the XDR stream instances need not guarantee this.
long *xdr_inline(XDR *xdrs, int len);
- A macro that invokes the inline routine associated with the
XDR stream, xdrs. The routine returns a pointer to a contiguous
piece of the stream's buffer; len is the byte length of the desired
buffer. Note: pointer is cast to long *.
- Warning: xdr_inline() may return NULL (0) if it
cannot allocate a contiguous piece of a buffer. Therefore the behavior may
vary among stream instances; it exists for the sake of efficiency.
bool_t xdr_int(XDR *xdrs, int *ip);
- A filter primitive that translates between C integers and
their external representations. This routine returns one if it succeeds,
zero otherwise.
bool_t xdr_long(XDR *xdrs, long *lp);
- A filter primitive that translates between C long
integers and their external representations. This routine returns one if
it succeeds, zero otherwise.
void xdrmem_create(XDR *xdrs, char *addr, unsigned int size,
enum xdr_op op);
- This routine initializes the XDR stream object pointed to
by xdrs. The stream's data is written to, or read from, a chunk of
memory at location addr whose length is no more than size
bytes long. The op determines the direction of the XDR stream
(either XDR_ENCODE, XDR_DECODE, or XDR_FREE).
bool_t xdr_opaque(XDR *xdrs, char *cp, unsigned int cnt);
- A filter primitive that translates between fixed size
opaque data and its external representation. The argument cp is the
address of the opaque object, and cnt is its size in bytes. This
routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
bool_t xdr_pointer(XDR *xdrs, char **objpp,
unsigned int objsize, xdrproc_t xdrobj);
- Like xdr_reference() except that it serializes null
pointers, whereas xdr_reference() does not. Thus,
xdr_pointer() can represent recursive data structures, such as
binary trees or linked lists.
void xdrrec_create(XDR *xdrs, unsigned int sendsize,
unsigned int recvsize, char *handle,
int (*readit)(char *, char *, int),
int (*writeit)(char *, char *, int));
- This routine initializes the XDR stream object pointed to
by xdrs. The stream's data is written to a buffer of size
sendsize; a value of zero indicates the system should use a
suitable default. The stream's data is read from a buffer of size
recvsize; it too can be set to a suitable default by passing a zero
value. When a stream's output buffer is full, writeit is called.
Similarly, when a stream's input buffer is empty, readit is called.
The behavior of these two routines is similar to the system calls
read(2) and write(2), except that handle is passed to
the former routines as the first argument. Note: the XDR stream's
op field must be set by the caller.
- Warning: to read from an XDR stream created by this API,
you'll need to call xdrrec_skiprecord() first before calling any
other XDR APIs. This inserts additional bytes in the stream to provide
record boundary information. Also, XDR streams created with different
xdr*_create APIs are not compatible for the same reason.
bool_t xdrrec_endofrecord(XDR *xdrs, int sendnow);
- This routine can be invoked only on streams created by
xdrrec_create(). The data in the output buffer is marked as a
completed record, and the output buffer is optionally written out if
sendnow is nonzero. This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero
otherwise.
bool_t xdrrec_eof(XDR *xdrs);
- This routine can be invoked only on streams created by
xdrrec_create(). After consuming the rest of the current record in
the stream, this routine returns one if the stream has no more input, zero
otherwise.
bool_t xdrrec_skiprecord(XDR *xdrs);
- This routine can be invoked only on streams created by
xdrrec_create(). It tells the XDR implementation that the rest of
the current record in the stream's input buffer should be discarded. This
routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
bool_t xdr_reference(XDR *xdrs, char **pp, unsigned int size,
xdrproc_t proc);
- A primitive that provides pointer chasing within
structures. The argument pp is the address of the pointer;
size is the sizeof the structure that *pp points to;
and proc is an XDR procedure that filters the structure between its
C form and its external representation. This routine returns one if it
succeeds, zero otherwise.
- Warning: this routine does not understand null pointers.
Use xdr_pointer() instead.
xdr_setpos(XDR *xdrs, unsigned int pos);
- A macro that invokes the set position routine associated
with the XDR stream xdrs. The argument pos is a position
value obtained from xdr_getpos(). This routine returns one if the
XDR stream could be repositioned, and zero otherwise.
- Warning: it is difficult to reposition some types of XDR
streams, so this routine may fail with one type of stream and succeed with
another.
bool_t xdr_short(XDR *xdrs, short *sp);
- A filter primitive that translates between C short
integers and their external representations. This routine returns one if
it succeeds, zero otherwise.
void xdrstdio_create(XDR *xdrs, FILE *file, enum xdr_op op);
- This routine initializes the XDR stream object pointed to
by xdrs. The XDR stream data is written to, or read from, the
stdio stream file. The argument op determines the
direction of the XDR stream (either XDR_ENCODE, XDR_DECODE,
or XDR_FREE).
- Warning: the destroy routine associated with such XDR
streams calls fflush(3) on the file stream, but never
fclose(3).
bool_t xdr_string(XDR *xdrs, char **sp, unsigned int maxsize);
- A filter primitive that translates between C strings and
their corresponding external representations. Strings cannot be longer
than maxsize. Note: sp is the address of the string's
pointer. This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
bool_t xdr_u_char(XDR *xdrs, unsigned char *ucp);
- A filter primitive that translates between unsigned
C characters and their external representations. This routine returns one
if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
bool_t xdr_u_int(XDR *xdrs, unsigned int *up);
- A filter primitive that translates between C
unsigned integers and their external representations. This routine
returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
bool_t xdr_u_long(XDR *xdrs, unsigned long *ulp);
- A filter primitive that translates between C unsigned
long integers and their external representations. This routine returns
one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
bool_t xdr_u_short(XDR *xdrs, unsigned short *usp);
- A filter primitive that translates between C unsigned
short integers and their external representations. This routine
returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
bool_t xdr_union(XDR *xdrs, enum_t *dscmp, char *unp,
const struct xdr_discrim *choices,
xdrproc_t defaultarm); /* may equal NULL */
- A filter primitive that translates between a discriminated
C union and its corresponding external representation. It first
translates the discriminant of the union located at dscmp. This
discriminant is always an enum_t. Next the union located at
unp is translated. The argument choices is a pointer to an
array of xdr_discrim() structures. Each structure contains an
ordered pair of [value,proc]. If the union's discriminant is
equal to the associated value, then the proc is called to
translate the union. The end of the xdr_discrim() structure array
is denoted by a routine of value NULL. If the discriminant is not found in
the choices array, then the defaultarm procedure is called
(if it is not NULL). Returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
bool_t xdr_vector(XDR *xdrs, char *arrp, unsigned int size,
unsigned int elsize, xdrproc_t elproc);
- A filter primitive that translates between fixed-length
arrays and their corresponding external representations. The argument
arrp is the address of the pointer to the array, while size
is the element count of the array. The argument elsize is the
sizeof each of the array's elements, and elproc is an XDR
filter that translates between the array elements' C form, and their
external representation. This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero
otherwise.
bool_t xdr_void(void);
- This routine always returns one. It may be passed to RPC
routines that require a function argument, where nothing is to be
done.
bool_t xdr_wrapstring(XDR *xdrs, char **sp);
- A primitive that calls xdr_string(xdrs,
sp,MAXUN.UNSIGNED ); where MAXUN.UNSIGNED is the maximum value
of an unsigned integer. xdr_wrapstring() is handy because the RPC
package passes a maximum of two XDR routines as arguments, and
xdr_string(), one of the most frequently used primitives, requires
three. Returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
attributes(7).
Interface |
Attribute |
Value |
xdr_array (), xdr_bool (), xdr_bytes (), xdr_char (), xdr_destroy (),
xdr_double (), xdr_enum (), xdr_float (), xdr_free (), xdr_getpos (),
xdr_inline (), xdr_int (), xdr_long (), xdrmem_create (), xdr_opaque (),
xdr_pointer (), xdrrec_create (), xdrrec_eof (), xdrrec_endofrecord (),
xdrrec_skiprecord (), xdr_reference (), xdr_setpos (), xdr_short (),
xdrstdio_create (), xdr_string (), xdr_u_char (), xdr_u_int (), xdr_u_long
(), xdr_u_short (), xdr_union (), xdr_vector (), xdr_void (),
xdr_wrapstring () |
Thread safety |
MT-Safe |
rpc(3)
The following manuals:
eXternal Data Representation Standard:
Protocol Specification
eXternal Data Representation: Sun Technical Notes
XDR: External Data Representation Standard, RFC 1014, Sun
Microsystems, Inc., USC-ISI.